拉萨市藏汉族婴儿动脉血氧饱和度调查分析

Arterial oxygen saturation in Tibetan and Han infants born in Lhasa

目的证实在高原低氧环境下，世居藏族婴儿比汉族婴儿具有较强的维持体内氧供能力。方法采用动脉血氧饱和度仪在海拔３６５８ｍ、大气压６５．３ｋＰａ（１ｋＰａ＝７．５ｍｍＨｇ）的拉萨市，对１４例藏族婴儿和１５例汉族婴儿，从出生到生后４个月在清醒、浅睡、深睡及吃奶４种状态下的动脉血氧饱和度（ＳａＯ２）进行了动态监测。结果（１）两组婴儿出生后最初４８小时内的ＳａＯ２均显示高水平状态，睡眠时ＳａＯ２低于清醒时ＳａＯ２；（２）汉族婴儿生后第１天～４个月的４种生理状态下ＳａＯ２均低于藏族婴儿；（３）汉族婴儿的低氧血症临床体征，如睡眠和吃奶时紫绀等比藏族婴儿频发。

Objective To study whether or not the native Tibetan infants are better able to maintain adequate oxygenation at high altitude than Han infants. Methods The authors measured the arterial oxygen saturation in 14 Tibetan and 15 Han infants at birth and during the first four months of life at 3 658 m above sea level in Lhasa under the conditions of waking, REMs leep, deep sleep and feeding.Results (1) In both groups,the arterial oxygen saturation was at a high level in the first two days of life and was relatively lower during sleep than at waking state; (2) oxygen saturation values were lower in the Han than in the Tibetan infants at all times of measurement, and under all the four physiological conditions; (3) the Han infants had greater frequency of presentations of hypoxemia, such as cyanosis druing sleep and feeding. Conclusion Genetic adaptations provide the Tibetan infants with adequate oxygenation.