42例咯血患儿病因分析

The analysis of the causes of hemoptysis in childhood: a report of 42 cases

目的了解儿童咯血的病因。方法采用回顾性调查方法，对４２例咯血原因待查患儿进行了病因分析。结果４２例咯血患儿中，气管、支气管炎引起的咯血１８例（４３％），特发性肺含铁血黄素沉着症７例（１７％），支气管内膜、肺结核４例（１０％），心、肺血管畸形及支气管扩张症分别为３例（各占７％），消化道重复畸形、肿瘤所致的咯血在儿童也可见到。结论气管、支气管炎是儿童咯血最常见的病因。

Objective To study the causes of hemoptysis in childhood. Methods The authors analyzed 42 children with hemoptysis by using the method of retrospective survey. Results The number of cases with hemoptysis caused by tracheobronchitis, idiopathic pulmonary hemosiderosis, pulmonary tuberculosis, cardiovascular and pulmonary vascular malformation, and bronchiectasis were 18 (43%), 7(17%), 4(10%), 3(7%), 3(7%), respevtively. Duplication of digestive tract and tumor might cause the symptom of hemoptysis in childhood. Conclusion Tracheobronchitis was the leading cause of hemoptysis and idiopathic pulmonary hemosiderosis was the second.