莱茵霍尔德·尼布尔的基督教现实主义道德观

Reinhold Niebuhr's Moral Values of Christian Realism

莱因霍尔德.尼布尔是20世纪在美国乃至西方最著名和颇具影响的基督教神学家。他坚持原罪论,并将基督教伦理思想广泛应用于社会问题及政治问题的研究,从而形成了系统并具有现代精神的基督教应用伦理学(即基督教现实主义伦理学),在现代宗教伦理学的推广方面做出了独特的贡献。他所倡导的现实主义伦理学影响了一代神学家和政治家,后来更是成为冷战时期美国对外政策的哲学依据。本文考察了尼布尔的原罪论及其与理想主义的分歧,以及尼布尔现实主义道德观的基本内容及其影响。

Reinhold Niebuhr was the most famous and influential Christian theologian in the United States as well as in the west in the 20th century. He insisted on original sin theory and widely used Christian ethical thoughts in the study of social problems and political issues, thus formed a system theory of modern appliced ethics of Christian （ethics of Christian realism）,made a unique contribution in promoting the modern religious ethics. The realistic ethics advocated by him impacted a generation of theologians and politicians, and later became the philosophical basis of American foreign policy during the Cold War. This article tries to study Niebuhr＇s original sin theory and his divergences with the idealism and to study the basic contents and influences of his moral values of realism.