1978～2008:历史地理学研究的学术评论

The Academic Discussion of the Historical Geography Research in 1978～2008

1978～2008年,国内历史地理学研究的学术收获有目共睹,其中也包含了此前阶段学界科研工作的诸多成绩和经验。在取得历史地理学性质归属地理学共识后,作为学科两大基本骨架之一的历史自然地理研究在1970～1980年代呈现出一种兴盛局面。自从1990年代初倡导历史人文地理的研究以来,其研究盛况一直延续至今,而历史自然地理研究反而呈式微之势,这在较大程度上应归因于研究对象固有的自然或人文性质的差别。就研究本身的动力因素而言,学者们自觉为现实社会服务的努力和对历史地理学学术价值的不懈追求,构成了两种相互交织而又风格别具的治学理念。环境考古学、文化人类学、社会学(社会史)、GIS技术、环境史等学科或研究思潮的接续浸润,推动着历史地理学科朝着多样化和纵深方向发展。借鉴国内外历史地理学的研究经验,我国历史地理学界面临着加强自然科学和社会科学汇合的高难度任务,还需要讨论历史环境影响评价的原则和范式。探讨学界最近30年的研究进展、特点及其可能的发展趋向,评论学科组织系统、学界动态反应、学术研究功能等重要内容,有助于我们把握历史地理学的学科方向,树立国际视野,将研究工作推向更高的学术层次。

The research of historical geography in 30 years of reform and opening up has been prosperous since 1978. Historical physical geography was prosperous after being recognized as part of geography in the 1970s. And historical human geography also came into being in the 1990s. In the age of economic transformation and political regulation, due to the innate difference in the object of study, various factors limited the interdisciplinary studies of historical geography. Yet researchers devoted to the study are persistent, and they have accumulated experiences in the study of historical geography and made progress in their studies. The mutual penetration and promotion among archeology, anthropology, sociology, GIS technique, and history of environment has deepened and versified the study of historical geography. A review of the achievements, features and tendencies in the past 30 years of the historical geography helps us to grasp the general direction of development, to view it from the international perspective, and to push the research to a higher academic level.