罗马军队与帝国边患

The Roman Army and Crises of the Imperial Frontiers

罗马帝国边患集中表现为境外蛮族入侵,边境危机日益加剧。边境安全系数与军队实力成正比。当帝国国力强盛,军队强大,有能力、有实力抵御外来入侵时,帝国边防巩固,边患问题并不突出。当帝国内部混乱频仍(尤其是"3世纪危机"以后),国力下降时,边境安全随之缺失,边患加剧,国门洞开。考察罗马帝国边患,军队蛮族化是重要内容。军队堕落以及蛮族化的完成,使帝国"有边无防",最终走向衰亡。

The paper dicusses the relationships between the army and the crises of the Roman imperial frontiers. When the army is strong enough to defend the empire, the frontiers is safe. When the empire is in the chaos and disputes, the nation＇s power falls off, the safety of the imperial frontiers is lost, and crises of the imperial frontiers is increasing. The degeneration and barbarization of Roman army is important issues for the crises of the Roman imperial frontiers, and fort＇ s defenders can＇ t repelle the attacking enemy.