仿真方法在管理理论研究中的应用

Applying Simulation Method to Management Theory Research

仿真作为一种系统建模方法在自然科学、工程技术、社会经济系统等方面都得到了广泛的应用。它通过个体间的微观互动来考察涌现出来的宏观现象,进而了解整个系统的运行过程。由于其独特的研究思路,仿真研究的价值已不仅仅局限于"预测"与"仿真",其在管理理论研究中具有巨大的应用价值。回顾了仿真建模思想的演变,讨论了仿真研究在理论发展中的作用和地位,重点介绍了最著名的研究组织适应度的仿真模型——NK模型,并使用一个将随机仿真方法和结构化仿真方法相结合的实例,来介绍如何将仿真方法应用于管理研究,最后就仿真建模步骤及其后续研究的开展进行评论。

Simulation provides a powerful methodology for natural science, engineering technology and social science. It focuses on modeling the adaptive actor making up the social system and who influence each other, as the result of the interaction the system property is emergent We propose that because of the unique character of this method simulation has potential to contribute management research. After reviewing the history of the simulation method development and discussing the status in research we introduce a famous model, which focuses on the organization adaptation——NK model. And then we combine the structure method and the stochastic method to show how to apply the simulation method to management research. At last we discuss the process of this method and propose the applying future.