长江三角洲四城市城镇化过程景观动态变化格局比较

Comparison of spatiotemporal dynamic changes of urban landscape patterns in four cities in Yangtze River Delta during urbanization.

以1990、1995和2000年三期Landsat-TM/ETM+遥感影像解译的江苏省土地利用图为数据源,运用GIS的缓冲区分析和景观格局指数等方法,对南京、苏州、无锡和常州4市10年来的城市扩张规律和动态格局变化模式进行了定量研究,并在时间和空间维度上进行比较。结果表明:4市在1990—2000年的快速城市化过程中既有相似的发展规律又各自表现出不同的特点。10年间,4市城市用地面积都不断增加,但前5年增长规模和速度远大于后5年;1990—1995年,4市城市扩张以城市中心建成区不断外扩,摊大饼发展模式为主,而1996—2000年城市扩张则以城乡交错带新增城市用地斑块为主。南京最活跃的地带是距城市中心3～6km地区;无锡的活跃带从距城市中心9～12km处内移到6～9km处;常州城市形态结构简单化最为明显;苏州景观破碎化趋势在1996—2000年间加剧。

With the land use maps interpreted by the remote sensing images of Jiangsu Province in 1990, 1995 and 2000 as data source, and by using GIS buffer analysis and landscape metrics, a comparative study was made on the spatiotemporal patterns of urban expansion and landscape dynamic change of Nanjing, Suzhou, Wuxi, and Changzhou from 1990 to 2000. The results showed that from 1990 to 2000, the four cities had both similar and unique features in the rapid urbanization process. Urban land kept increasing, but the increment and increasing rate were higher in the first five years than in the late five years. From 1990 to 1995, the four cities expanded mainly around central built-up areas. After 1995, the urbanization of the four cities proceeded mostly in urban-rural fringes and depended on the emerging of new urban land patches. From 1996 to 2000, the most active zone in Nanjing was between 3 km and 6 km away from the city center, that in Wuxi moved from the zone between 9 km and 6 km to the zone between 6 km and 9 kin, the urban structure in Changzhou simplified most obviously, while the landscape fragmentation degree in Suzhou exhibited an increasing trend.