旱地有机培肥对玉米产量和水分利用效率的影响

Effects of Organic Fertilizer on Grain Yield and Water Use Efficiency of Spring Maize in Dry Land

采用完全随机裂区试验设计,秸秆还田量为主处理,施有机肥量为副处理,在渭北旱塬合阳试验基地进行了两年的旱地有机培肥试验。结果表明：施有机肥可显著提高春玉米产量和水分利用效率。在秸秆还田量为13500、9000、0 kg.hm-2时,与不施肥相比,施有机肥22500 kg.hm-2的玉米产量增加2021～3638kg.hm-2,水分利用效率提高4.34～8.19 kg.hm-2.mm-1;秸秆不还田时,施有机肥11250 kg.hm-2的玉米产量比不施肥增加2838～3402 kg.hm-2,水分利用效率提高6.54～6.86 kg.hm-2.mm-1;秸秆还田对春玉米产量和水分利用效率产生的效果不显著。旱作条件下秸秆还田和施有机肥处理的春玉米产量和水分利用效率与全生育期耗水量间均呈二次抛物线关系。

The study on organic fertilizer application and straws return to field was conducted at Heyang Research Station in Weibei dry land in two years,by using a randomized complete block split plot design,with organic fertilizer application regimes（13 500,9 000,0 kg·hm-2） and straws return to field rates（22 500,11 250,0 kg·hm-2） as the main-plot and split-plot respectively.The results showed that organic fertilizer application could increase the yield and water use efficiency of spring maize significantly.Therefore,compared with contrast,the maize yield and water use efficiency of organic fertilizer application 22 500 kg·hm-2 treatment was increased significantly by 2 021～3 638 kg·hm-2 and 4.34～8.19 kg·hm-2·mm-1respectively,when the amounts of straws return to field were13 500,9 000,0 kg·hm-2,the maize yield and water use efficiency of organic fertilizer application 11 250 kg·hm-2 treatment significantly increased 2 838～3 402 kg·hm-2 and 6.54～6.86 kg·hm-2·mm-1 more than contrast,respectively,when straws did not return to field.Straws return to field had insignificant effects on yield and water use efficiency of spring maize.In addition,the regression analysis presents quadratic relationships between seasonal evapotranspiration and yield,water use efficiency of spring maize under the organic fertilizer application and straws return to field in dry land.