滴灌施肥条件下氮钾分配时期对甘蔗产量和品质的影响

Influence of Time Distribution of N & K Fertilizer on Yield and Quality of Sugarcane under Drip Fertilization

滴灌施肥技术是现代可持续农业发展的一项综合管理技术措施。本试验采用露天盆栽进行甘蔗种植,设置了滴灌条件下4个氮钾分配时期,同时设置了一个常规种植方式作对比。研究结果表明,滴灌施肥显著促进了甘蔗的生长,在施用常规氮钾肥用量1/2的情况下,比常规施肥获得更高的甘蔗产量。滴灌条件下,氮钾不同分配时期对甘蔗产量和品质有显著影响。通过滴灌系统按甘蔗"苗期、分蘖期-伸长期-成熟期"以20%-60%-20%的氮钾肥料比例分多次施用的处理效果最好,甘蔗的茎长、产量、甘蔗品质、甘蔗根系等都优于其他的分配方式,其单茎重达1.92 kg,甘蔗蔗糖分含量达到17.26%。通过滴灌系统合理施用氮钾肥既有经济效益,又有环境效益。

The technology of fertilization through drip irrigation is a comprehensive management measure for the sustainable develop ment of modern agriculture. An outdoor pot experiment of sugarcane, in which four treatments with different time distribution of N and K fertilizer under drip irrigation and one normal planting treatment are set, is conducted to evaluate sugarcane response to the time distribution of N and K fertilizer. The results show that fertilization through drip irrigation promotes the growth of sugarcane evidently. Higher yield is obtained under the condition of fertilization through drip irrigation than the condition of normal fertilizing mode, while the N＆K fertilizer quantity of the front is only half of the latter. Furthermore, the time distribution of N ＆ K fertiliz er under drip irrigation has notable influence on the yield and quality of sugarcane. The effect of the treatment, in which the time distribution of N ＆ K fertilizer in seedling ＆ tillering Stage, elongation stage, mature stage is 20%, 60% and 20%, respectively, is the best. The stem length, yield, quality and root system of sugarcane of the treatment are all better than other treatments. The single stem weight reaches 1.92kg and the sugar content reaches 17.26%. The fertilization through drip irrigation has not only economic benefit, but also environment benefit.