暗纹东方同工酶生化表现型的研究

Study on the Isozyme Phenotype of Obscuru Puffer (Fugu obscurus)

利用聚丙烯酚胺凝胶垂直平板电泳方法，对暗纹东方的心、肝、肾，肌、性腺５种不同组织的７种同工酶（ＥＳＴ、ＬＤＨ、ＰＯＤ、ＭＤＨ、ＳＯＤ、ＳＤＨ、α－ＡＭＹ）进行了研究，讨论了各同工酶的基因表达谱式，观察到ＥＳＴ同工酶存在着多态现象；ＬＤＨ同工酶有二个基因位点，但只表现３条带，Ａ与Ｂ亚基的结合受阻；ＭＤＨ同工酶存在性别差异，说明决定ＭＤＨ同工酶表达的因素在不同性别中存在差异；ＳＯＤ同工酶有３个基因位点。各同工酶酶谱稳定，有组织特异性，倡ＥＳＴ、ＭＤＨ、ＳＯＤ、ＰＯＤ同工酶在各组织器官中又表现出较大的一致性，有利于物种的鉴定。α－ＡＭＹ与ＳＤＨ只在个别组织中有活性，可能与特定组织与器官的形态发生与机能分化有关。

By means of polyacrylamid gel electrophoresiS, seven isozymes (EST, LDH, SOD, MDH, SDH,a-AMY) in heart, liver, kidney, muscle and gonad of Fugu obsurus were studied. The gene expression patterns of each isozhne were analyzed. The results indicated that polymorphism was detected in EST isozymes;LDH isozymes had two loci,but only three bands could be observed, the random association of two subunits(A and B) were restricted; Some MDH isozymese existed sexual differences in identical tissues. This suggested that the factors controlling the expression of MDH isozymes were different between sexes. All the isozyme phenotypes exhibited tissue-specifcity and stability, but EST, MDH, SOD and POD isozymes showed relatively consistence in the five tissues. Their characteristic bands could be used in species determination. The activities of SDH and α-AMY isozymes could only be detected in some tissues and closely correlated to the morphological or functional differentiation of those tissues or organs.