甘薯细胞质传递的研究:精细胞的质体和线粒体及其DNA存在的状况

CYTOPLASMIC INHERITANCE OF SWEET POTATO: WITH RESPECT TO THE STUDY OF PLASTIDS AND MITOCHONDRIA AND THE EXISTENCE OF THEIR DNA IN SPERM CELLS

甘薯（ＩｐｏｍｏｅａｂａｔａｔａｓＬａｍ．）成熟花粉为二细胞型，在授粉后萌发之前生殖细胞分裂形成精细胞。仍在花粉粒中的两个精细胞大小和形状基本相似，细胞质中含丰富的质体和线粒体。细胞质ＤＮＡ特异荧光显示精细胞及产生它们的前细胞———生殖细胞中均含有丰富的类核。一对精细胞中类核的数量无明显的差异。精细胞中存在两种形态类核，大而荧光强的类核可能为质体类核，而小的荧光弱的类核为线粒体类核。双亲或父系质体遗传在被子植物中是少数，本研究结果为旋花科的除牵牛属和打碗花属外又提供了新的一属具这种遗传方式的细胞学证据。

The mature pollen of sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas Lam.) was bicellular. After pollination generative cell divided into a pair of sperm cells before its germination. The pair of sperm cells remained in the hydrated pollen was similar in their shape and volume with enriched cytoplasmic plastids and mitochondria. The specific fluorescence of cytoplasm DNA indicated that the sperm cells and the generative cell contained numerous organelle nucleoids. The pair of sperm cells had no significant difference in their numbers of organelle nucleoids. Two kinds of organelle nucleoids existed in the pair of sperm cells. The ones as big and strong fluorescent dots appeared to be the plastid nucleoids and the others as the small and weak fluorescent dots could be the mitochondrial nucleoid.Few of the angiosperms were of biparental or paternal plastid inheritance. The result of this study has provided the cytological evidence for another genus, Ipomoea,which is of biparental or paternal plastid inheritance besides Pharbitis and Calystegia in Convolvulaceae.