雄性核不育水稻育性转换的光周期效应指数值(PE)和温度效应指数值(TE)的遗传性初步研究

Preliminary Studies on Heredity of the PE and the TE CausingConversions of Plant Fertility in Some Genic Male Sterile Rice

对比考察了农垦５８ｓ与７００１ｓ、８９０２ｓ与培矮６４ｓ及８９０２ｓ与安农Ｓ１等３个光（温）敏核不育水稻杂交组合的双亲、Ｆ１、Ｂ１、Ｂ２和Ｆ２世代的样本及每一个体的ＰＥ和ＴＥ的变异。无论双亲核不育基因的等位程度及栽培环境的光、温周期如何，在多数情况下都显示了如下的规律：（１）后代样本ＰＥ、ＴＥ的大小虽然形形色色，但都取决于其双亲。Ｆ１表示完全显性甚至超显性。（２）Ｆ２个体的ＰＥ或ＴＥ、尤其同一个体ＰＥ与ＴＥ的集成类型发生有规律的分离和超亲分离，产生形形色色的育性转换类型。在纯粹由雄性不育个体组成的Ｆ２不育分样本中也发生同样分离。（３）ＰＥ或ＴＥ的广义遗传力的估值都大于５０％。据此推断ＰＥ、ＴＥ是两个可遗传并可供选择的独立性状；并对育性转换现象的遗传机制也进行了讨论。

comparative investigation on the PE (value of photoperiodic effect index) and the TE (value of temperature effect index) of each plant or on that of each sample of parents,F1,BF1,B2 or F2,uses as phenotypic was conducted in phytotrons per the reference.A total of 5 photo(or thermo) sensitive genic male sterile lines of rice (Oryza sative L.) and 3 combinations fromthem,differentiated in the allslism test about geinic male sterile genes of parents,such as Nongken 58s and 7001s(japonica),8902s and Peiai 64s or 8902s and Annong s1 (indica), were experimented.Regardless of allelic degree and of the photothermoperiodic regimes cultivating experimental plants,the results given in most cases showed in a rule as follows:(1) The PE and the TE of progeny samples are both dissimilar,but depend to a large extent on that of their parents.A complete dominance even an overdominance thrown out in the F1 generation.2) Segregation and transgressive segregation (positive or/and negative) with a great many f unlike type were observed respectively on the PE or the TE of single plant and particularity on its PETE coupling in these F2 populations.A similar segregation exists also in the groups of male sterile plants isolated from their F2 population (3) Estimates of broad sense heritability for both,the PE and the TE,were over 50%.Based on these grounds,it is concluded that the PE and the TE are two independently heritable traits,and can be selected.A dicussion about the genetic mechanism of phenomenon of fertility conversiton was made as well.