摘要
杭州石荠苎分布于华东沿海少数地区，石香薷则分布于长江以南的广大地区。采用淀粉凝胶电泳方法，分析了１５个酶系统，获得２８个位点的资料。分析结果表明，杭州石荠苎和石香薷均具较低的遗传多样性水平。杭州石荠苎常用的遗传多样性指标为Ａ＝１．２５，Ｐ＝２１．４３％，Ｈｅ＝０．０８２，Ｈｔ＝０．１０１４；石香薷为Ａ＝１．１０，Ｐ＝９．５２％，Ｈｅ＝０．０２１，Ｈｔ＝０．０４５０。在有限的遗传多样性中，杭州石荠苎的遗传多样性主要存在于居群之内（Ｇｓｔ＝０．２２１９），石香薷的遗传多样性主要存在于居群之间（Ｇｓｔ＝０．５５３３）。石香薷维持更低的遗传多样性是受该种繁育系统类型和进化历史的制约。分析了同工酶多样性和形态多样性的关系，并根据杭州石荠苎的遗传多样性分布式样提出了杭州石荠苎遗传多样性保护的策略。
? Genetic diversity of Mosla hangchouensis Matsuda, a species endemic to eastern China and a closely related species M. chinensis Maxim, which is widely distributed throughout south part of China, was analysed by starch gel electrophoresis. Of seven populations of M. hangchouensis and three populations of M. chinensis examined, a low level of allozymic diversity was estimated based on 28 loci of 15 enzyme systems.The averages of A,P and He of seven populations in M. hangchouensis are 125, 2143% and 0.082 respectively. The averages of genetic diversity of M. hangchouensis within and between populations are Hs=0.0789, Ht=0.1014, Gst=0.2219. For M. chinensis, the estimates are A=1.10, P=9.52%, He=0.021, Hs=0.0201, Ht=0.0450 and Gst=0.5533. The relative richness of genetic diversity between M. hangchouensis and M. chinensis may be attributed to the difference in breeding systems, for M. chinensis is predominantly a selfer and may be of late origin due to the shift of breeding system. The allozymic diversity is roughly correlated with morphological diversity, but contradicts with the range of distribution. Of the limited diversity maitained by M. hangchouensis, component within population accounts for nearly 78% of the total. So an effort to conserve the genetic diversity not only should give the priority to the highly variable populations, but also should take the less variable populatons into consideration.
基金
国家自然科学基金
