叶面喷施调节肥对寒地水稻生长及产量形成的影响

Effects of Regulating Fertilizer through Leaf Spraying on Growth and Yield in Rice at Cold Area

以水稻空育131(主茎11叶)为材料,通过叶面喷施调节肥,比较了不同处理之间水稻生长及产量形成的差异,确定了适宜的调节肥施用量及喷叶期。结果表明:调节肥叶喷施用量为整个生育期氮肥用量的10%和15%更有利于提高水稻成穗率和增加平方米茎数,其中15%施用量对各节间长度的配比效果最佳;3个处理均显著提高了抽穗后15～20 d干物质积累量,其中6.1～6.5叶期喷干物质积累为最多,8.1～8.5叶期喷次之。

In the experiment, we used a rice cuhivar ＂Kongyu131＂ by spraying in a field experiment. The aim of this experiment was to discover difference of growth and the formation of production in rice plant by spraying regulating fertilizer, determine the appropriate application and period of regulate fertilizer. The results showed that the application of 10 percent and 15 percent of N significantly enhanced effective panicle rate and increased stems per square meter, in which the 15 percent of N was a best selection in the ratio between the internode lengths. On the other hand, three treatments were significandy increased dry matter accumulation 15 to 20 days after heading, of which 6.1 to 6.5 leaves of the spraying period was a maximum of dry matter accumulation, next was 8.1 to 8.5 leaves of the spraying period. However, variance analysis showed that the application and period of regulating fertilizer on rice yield components and rice quality did not reach significant levels. The above results indicated that the appropriate application of regulate fer- tilizer was 15 percent of the total N throughout the season, and the period of regulating fertilizer was 6.1 to 6.5 leaves.