无线传感器网络多重覆盖算法

A Weighted Multiple Coverage Algorithm in Wireless Sensor Networks

针对区域覆盖中存在多个不同覆盖质量需求的目标覆盖的混合覆盖问题,提出了一种满足多个目标不同覆盖质量需求且兼顾区域覆盖的多重覆盖算法(WMCA).该算法在覆盖有效的虚拟力算法(CEVFA)的基础上,假设被监测目标对节点有引力作用,建立了节点和被监测目标之间的联系,打破了传统的目标覆盖中指定节点覆盖特定目标的局限性;同时,弥补了现有以VFA为主的区域覆盖方法中,仅能提供区域覆盖或者目标覆盖而没有将二者综合考虑的不足.不同节点密度下的仿真结果表明:WMCA在满足特殊热点目标监测的前提下,最大限度地兼顾了网络的区域覆盖质量;相对于随机部署,其平均覆盖质量提高达15.99%,有效地利用了网络资源.

In view of different point coverage requirements in the area coverage,a weighted multiple coverage algorithm （WMCA）was proposed in the paper,which can provide different qualities of coverage for different points of interest （POI） while satisfying the area coverage. Based on the coverage efficient virtual force algorithm （CEVFA） ,supposing POI had attractive force on sensor nodes,WMCA established the relationship between sensor nodes and POI. It is quite different from the traditional coverage algorithms in which given sensor nodes cover special POI. The current coverage algorithms represented by VFA can only provide area coverage or point coverage. However,considering trade-off between quality of coverage and energy cost,both qualities of point coverage and quality of area coverage are given attention to in WMCA. Simulation results under different sensor densities were presented to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed approach. While satisfying special POI coverage requirement,WMCA can also provide the maximum coverage for the area. Comparing with random deployment,WMCA can improve the average coverage quality by 15.99%,so network resource can be effectively used.