论20世纪乡土文学的创作心态与叙事方式

On Creative Mood and Narrative Way of the Local Literature in the 20th Century

20世纪20年代乡土作家放逐与回归的心态,呈现出思乡与归乡的叙事方式;30年代左翼作家的革命与京派作家的超脱心态,形成了激愤与宁静的叙事方式;50年代翻身当家作主的心态,形成了乡土文学创作的翻身叙事与颂歌叙事两种模式;80年代回忆与反思的心态,形成了乡土抒情、乡土反思两种叙事倾向;90年代强调生命体验与融入野地,呈现出家族叙事与归乡叙事两种模式。20世纪乡土文学具有由个人化叙事向民族化叙事的发展趋势、呈现出乡土写实与乡土抒情的两种叙事方式、创作的手法呈现出不断开放与丰富的趋向。中国现代乡土文学创作在不断发展兴盛中,仍然有值得思考的地方。

In 1920s,the local writers' fiction showed narrative way about homesickness and return native place with their mood of exile and return.The left-wing writers' and Peking writer group's fiction formed indignant and peaceful narrative way with their revolutionary and unconventional mood in 1930s.While in 1950s,the local fiction included two narrative ways of liberation and eulogy.There emerged two narrative ways of local lyric and local introspection with memorial and introspective mood in 1980s.And in 1990s,narrative ways stressed on life experience and blend wildness.The essay argues that during the 20th century,the local fiction had its developing trend from individual narration to clan narration,showed two narrative ways of local realism and local lyric,and continually enriched the means of expression.Certainly,Chinese modern local fiction is still flourishing.