中国城镇和农村居民医疗保健消费的差异性分析——基于面板数据恩格尔曲线模型的非参数估计

A Comparative Study on the Difference between Health Care Consumption of China's Urban and Rural Inhabitants:——Based on Nonparametric Estimation of the Engle Curves Models with Panel Data

本文建立城镇和农村居民医疗保健消费支出份额的非参数恩格尔曲线模型,利用我国1991-2005年30个省份的面板数据,对医疗保健消费的恩格尔曲线、总支出对医疗保健支出份额的边际影响和医疗保健消费支出弹性进行了非参数估计,并分析和比较它们的城乡差异性。实证分析表明,我国城乡居民医疗保健消费差异性的重要原因在于城乡居民收入和总消费支出水平的巨大差距以及对农村医疗保健投入的不足。减小城乡居民医疗保健消费差异性的必要条件是提高农民的收入和总消费支出水平,并加强对农村医疗卫生供给的投入。

In this paper the nonparametric Engle curve model on the health care consumption of China＇ s urban and rural residents is provided, from which the health care Engle curves, the marginal effects of the total expenditure on the health care consumption share, and the health care expenditure elasticity of China＇s urban and rural residents are estimated with the panel data of 30 provinces from 1991 to 2005. The empirical analysis shows that the difference between urban and rural health care consumption is blamed on the great difference of income and total expenditure between the urban and rural inhabitants and the deficiency of health care in rural China. A necessary step to decrease the difference in health care is to lift the income and consumption level for the rural inhabitants and provide them with adequate and available health care.