锌和微量营养素对儿童智能和生长发育的影响

TX THE EFFECTS OF ZINC AND MICRONUTRIENTS ON INTELLIGENCE AND GROWTH IN CHILDREN

方法：试验分为三组：单纯补锌组（Ｚ），同时补锌＋微量营养素组（Ｚ＋Ｍ），补微量营养素组（Ｍ）。结果：试验前发锌平均含量为２．２８±０．７４μｍｏｌ／ｇ，低于正常值下限共２４人，占受试总人数的２２．２２％。发锌含量与智商呈显著正相关（ｒ＝０．２２９，Ｐ＜０．０５，ｎ＝１０８）。补充试验后三个组发锌变化无显著性差别。Ｚ＋Ｍ组和Ｍ组智商，认知功能的改善好于Ｚ组，Ｚ＋Ｍ组和Ｍ组的差别无统计学意义。膝高的增长值Ｚ＋Ｍ组高于Ｍ组和Ｚ组，Ｍ组高于Ｚ组。结论：受试儿童中锌缺乏并不占主要地位，其他微量营养素的缺乏更应受到重视。同时补充锌和微量营养素可以改善儿童的智能发育，并能促进体格发育。

Before and after zinc and micronutrients supplement the changes of intelligence and growth in 108 healthy children aged 7-8yrs were studied.The children were randomly divided into 3 groups:zinc supplement(Z),zinc+micronutrients supplement(Z+M),and micro-nutrients supplement(M).Before the supplements,hair Zn content of children was 2.28±0.74μmol/g and 22.22% of the hair Zn content was lower than 1.69μmol/g. There was a positive correlation between intelligence quotient(IQ) and hair Zn content.After supplement,there were no significant changes among the 3 groups on hair Zn content.The changes of IQ and cognition in Z+M group and M group were significantly higher than Z group,and there was no significant difference between Z+M group and M group.The change of knee height in Z+M group was markedly higher than M group and Z group,while M group was significantly higher than Z group. The results demonstrated that zinc deficiency might not be the main factor that affects the intelligence and growth of children,perhaps other micronutrients deficiency should be paid more attention.The simultaneous supplement of zinc and micronutrients may promote the intelligence and growth of children.