利用虾蟹壳制备甲壳素和壳聚糖实验研究

Offering opening experiment on the preparation of chitin and chitosan from shells of shrimp and crab

以蟹、虾的外壳为原料、采用酸浸-碱解法和浓碱水解法分别制备出黏度高、色泽洁白的甲壳素和壳聚糖产品。对制备过程中酸碱的浓度、反应温度和时间、配料比以及氧化还原的条件等对产品质量和收率的影响进行了探讨。实验涉及原料的前处理、溶解、搅拌、除杂、脱色、烘干、焙烧以及产品的酸碱滴定、杂质检测等多种基本操作步骤和分析检测手段,适合列为化学专业开放性实验。

An opening experiment was offered for university students of chemistry department. The white products with high viscosity of chitin and chitosan were prepared from shells of shrimp and crab by acid soaking-alkali hydrolysis. The effect of the concentration of acid and alkali, reacting temperature and time, the ratio of raw materials, the oxide-reduction conditions, etc. on the product quality and yield were studied. This experiment includes many basic chemical experiment technical abilities such as pretreatment of raw materials, dissolving, stir, decoloration, impurity-cleaning, stoving, roasting, acid-alkali titration of products, impurity examine, etc. A suitable opening experiment for university chemistry department is proved.