摘要
叶绿素是植物叶绿体内参与光合作用的重要色素,其功能是捕获光能并驱动电子转移到反应中心.整个叶绿素生物合成过程(L-谷氨酰-tRNA→叶绿素a→叶绿素b)需要15步反应,涉及15种酶,迄今在模式植物拟南芥中已分离到27个编码这些酶的基因,完成了以拟南芥为代表的被子植物叶绿素生物合成全部基因的克隆.本文主要对近年来国内外有关植物叶绿素的生物合成过程及相关酶基因的克隆、生物合成途径中2个关键步骤(σ-氨基酮戊酸(ALA)合成和Mg离子插入原卟啉Ⅸ的调节)、影响叶绿素生物合成的主要因素(光、温度、营养元素等),以及叶绿素生物合成相关酶的其他生物学功能等的研究进展进行综述.
Chlorophyll is an important photosynthetic pigment in the chloroplast of plant and performs essential processes of harvesting light energy in the antenna systems and by driving electron transfer in the reaction centers. Chlorophyll a is synthesized from glutamyl tRNA,and chlorophyll b is synthesized from chlorophyll a at the last step of chlorophyll biosynthesis. There are 15 enzymes and 27 genes required for chlorophyll biosynthesis from glutamyl- tRNA to chlorophyll b. Now, at least in angiosperm plants represented by Arabidopsis,genes for all 15 steps in the pathway from glutamyl-tRNA to chlorophylls a and b have been identified. This review summarizes recent progresses on enzymes and genes involved in chloro- phyll biosynthesis.
出处
《西北植物学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2009年第3期629-636,共8页
Acta Botanica Boreali-Occidentalia Sinica
基金
国家科技支撑计划项目(2007BAD81B01)
国家自然科学基金项目(30771314)
关键词
叶绿素
生物合成
酶基因
高等植物
chlorophyll
biosynthesis
genes encoding enzymes
higher plants
