地震灾区伤员感染标本细菌学监测

BACTERIOLOGICAL MONITORING OF INFECTION SPECIMENS TAKEN FROM WOUNDED IN EARTHQUAKE-STRICKEN AREA

目的了解地震灾区病房伤员感染标本的细菌学分布特点及其对抗生素敏感性。方法采用细菌学鉴定技术和K-B试验法对伤员感染标本进行细菌学鉴定和抗生素敏感试验。结果本医院接受77名地震灾区伤员,发生感染53例,感染率为69.74%。采集病人感染检标本83份,检出细菌77株,检出率为92.77%,包括革兰阴性杆菌58株,革兰阳性球菌19株。革兰阴性杆菌主要有醋酸钙鲍曼复合不动杆菌21株、大肠埃希菌12株、铜绿假单胞菌9株、真菌6株及其他菌株。革兰阳性球菌主要有表皮葡萄球菌9株、金黄色葡萄球菌5株及其他菌株。革兰阴性杆菌和革兰阳性球菌对多数临床常用抗生素耐药率均达50%以上,革兰阴性杆菌对测试的18种抗生素中的9种耐药率达80%以上。结论地震灾区伤员感染率达69.74%,感染病原菌75%以上为革兰阴性杆菌,所有分离菌株对多数抗生素耐药。

Objective To know the bacteriological distribution characteristics and the antibiotic sensitivity of the bacteria in the infection specimens taken from the wounded on the wards of earthquake - stricken area. Methods Bacteriological identification technique and K - B test were used to carry out bacteriological indentification and antibiotic sensitivity test for infection specimens taken from the wounded. Results Seventy -seven wounded from earthquakestricken area were admitted to this hospital. Of them, 53 had infection, with an infection rate of 69.74%. Eighty - three infection specimens were collected from them and 77 strains of bacteria were detected from these specimens, with a detection rate of 92.77%, including 58 strains of Gram - negative bacilli and 19 strains of Gram - positive cocci. The Gram - negative bacilli mainly included 21 strains of Acinetobacter calcoaceticus Baumann, 12 strains of Escherichia coli , 9 strains of Pseudomonas aeruginosa, 6 strains of fungi and other bacterial strains. The Gram positive cocci mainly included 9 strains of Staphylococcus epidermidis , 5 strains of Staphylococcus aureus and other bacterial strains. The Gram - negative bacilli and Gram - positive cocci showed higher than 50% of rate of resistance to most commonly used antibiotics. The Gram - negative bacilli showed higher than 80% of rate of resistance to 9 of 18 antibiotics tested. Conclusion The infection rate in the wounded of earthquake - stricken area attained 69.74%, over 75% of the pathogens of infections were Gram - negative bacilli. All isolated bacterial strains were resistant to most antibiotics.