浙江地方猪种线粒体DNA多态及遗传多样性研究

GENETIC DIVERSITY OF ZHEJIANG NATIVE PIG BREEDS INFERRED FROM MITOCHONDRIAL DNA POLYMORPHISM

本实验用ＡｐａⅠ、ＡｖａⅠ、ＢａｍＨⅠ、ＢｃｌⅠ、ＢｇｌⅠ、ＢｇｌⅡ、ＣｌａⅠ、ＤｒａⅠ、ＥｃｏＲＩ、ＥｃｏＲＶ、ＨａｅⅡ、ＨｉｎｃⅡ、ＨｉｎｄⅢ、ＨｐａⅠ、ＫｐｎⅠ、ＰｓｔⅠ、ＰｖｕⅠ、ＰｖｕⅡ、ＳａｃⅠ、ＳａｌⅠ、ＳｃａⅠ、ＳｍａⅠ、ＳｔｕⅠ、ＸｂａⅠ和ＸｈｏⅠ等２５种识别６个碱基对的限制性内切酶分析了浙江地方品种猪、浙江野猪等３０个个体的线粒体ＤＮＡ，共检出３０种限制性态型（ｍｏｒｐｈ），可归结成３种单倍型，其中ＢａｍＨⅠ－Ｂ、ＢｃｌⅠ－Ｂ、ＤｒａⅠ－Ｂ和ＸｂａⅠ－Ｃ为首次发现；各单倍型间平均遗传距离（ｐ）为０．００５，群体的平均多态度（π）为０．０００８，均处于遗传多样性贫乏范围，提示浙江地区猪可能起源于一个共同的祖先。结合前人资料，对金华Ⅲ系猪进行分析，分析结果提示金华Ⅲ系猪可能有两个母系起源。

お? Restriction fragment length polymorphism(RFLP) of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) from Zhejiang native pigs and wild boars was analyzed by using 25 restriction endonu-cleases,i. e. Apa Ⅰ,Ava Ⅰ,Bam H Ⅰ,Bcl Ⅰ,Bgl Ⅰ,Bgl Ⅱ,Cla Ⅰ,Dra Ⅰ,Eco RⅠ,Eco R V,Hae Ⅱ,Hin cⅡ,Hin dⅢ,Hpa Ⅰ,Kpn Ⅰ,Pst Ⅰ,Pvu Ⅰ,Pvu Ⅱ,Sac Ⅱ,Sal Ⅰ,Sca Ⅰ,Sma Ⅰ,Stu Ⅰ,Xba Ⅰand Xho Ⅰ,which recognize six nucleotides. In the 30 analyzed individuals,30 restriction morphs,which could be sorted into 3 haplotypes,were detected. Four new morphs,i. e. Bam HⅠ-B,Bcl Ⅰ-B,Dra Ⅰ-B and Xba Ⅰ-C were detected. The average genetic distance () was 0.005,and the value of average nucleotide diversity () in pig population(including native pigs and wild boars)was 0.0008. This suggested that the genetic diversity of pigs was remarkably scarce. The pigs in Zhejiang might have originated from a late common ancester. Combining with the data from previously reports,it was suggested that the Jinhua strain Ⅲ pigs may have two female origins.