家蚕后部丝腺丝素蛋白的制备

Abstraction of silk fibroin from posterior silk gland of Silkworm

背景：采用对天然蚕丝进行去丝胶蛋白而获得丝素蛋白的方法，无法完全去除具有显著免疫原性的丝胶蛋白。为此，为了得到完全不含丝胶的丝素蛋白，必须要选择其他方法。目的：对从家蚕后部丝腺直接提取丝素蛋白的方法进行初步评价，试图为相关研究提供实验依据。设计、时间及单位：重复测量试验，2008-07／2008-08西南大学生物技术学院，西南大学生命科学学院。材料：五龄家蚕（Bombyx mori）100头，由西南大学蚕丝生物学实验室提供。方法：解剖五龄家蚕，取出后部丝腺，在双蒸水中溶解丝素蛋白，过滤，冷冻干燥，研磨，筛分（400目）备用。主要观察指标：对丝素蛋白粉末进行形态学观察，检测其粒径分布情况。计算丝素蛋白的得率。结果：通过本方法所提取的丝素蛋白呈乳白色颗粒状，粒径大小介于100-400μm，平均每头五龄家蚕可制备出0．33g丝素蛋白。结论：从家蚕后部丝腺直接提取丝素蛋白的方法简单易行，丝素蛋白得率较高，所制备的丝素蛋白纯度高，是理想的生物组织工程原材料。

BACKGROUND： In order to overcome the restrictions of silk fibroin＇s application in the field of tissue engineering, because of the infuences of the remnants sericin after the cocoon unglued, our study abstract silk fibroin directly from the posterior silk gland of silkworm. OBJECTIVE： To investigate the way of abstracting silk fibroin directly from posterior silk gland of silkworm and try to provide experimental evidence for related research. DESIGN, TIME AND SETTING： A repetitive measurement study was performed at College of Biotechnology and School of Life Science, Southwest University between July and August 2008. MATERIALS： A total of 100 silkworms （Bombyx mori） were provided by Biology Laboratory of Southwest University. METHODS： Silk fibroin was abstracted directly from posterior silk gland of the fifth instar larva of silkworm, dissolving in double distilled water, filtering, freezing, drying, pulverizing, and screening （400 meshes）. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES： Morphology of silk fibroin, distribution of particle diameter, and yield rate of silk fibroin. RESULTS： Silk fibrein particles were oyster white, which particle diameter was between 100 μm to 400 μ m, and 0.33 g silk fibrein was prepared from per silkworm. CONCLUSION： The extraction of silk fibroin from posterior silk gland is simple and easy, with a high output and purity of silk fibrein; therefore, it is an ideal raw biological tissue material.