有色地膜覆盖对洋葱生长及产量的影响

Effects of Coloured Plastic Film Mulch on the Growth and Yield of Onion

研究了有色地膜覆盖的温度效应及其对洋葱生长发育和产量的影响。结果表明,无色透明膜的增温效果优于黑色膜及银灰膜,但三者在低温越冬期差异较小。越冬期不同地膜覆盖洋葱幼苗的株高、假茎粗及各器官生长量均差异不大,但均略高于不覆膜对照。翌年春季无色透明膜覆盖的洋葱植株返青较早,生长量较大,银灰膜及黑色膜次之,不覆膜对照较小。至5月,无色透明膜地温过高,抑制了洋葱植株的生长,银灰膜覆盖的洋葱植株生长量逐渐超过无色透明膜,而黑色膜仍低于无色透明膜,但三者均明显高于不覆膜对照。收获时银灰膜、无色透明膜及黑色膜覆盖的洋葱产量分别达84400、77400、70600kg·hm-2,分别比不覆膜对照增产158.9%、137.4%和116.6%。

Effect of coloured plastic film mulch on soil temperature, onion growth and yield were investigated in this study. The results indicated that transparent plastic film mulch could increase soil temperature by higher temperature than the black and silver ones. However, there was little difference during overwintering. There was little difference in onion seedlings height, stem diameter and fresh weight of organs between these treatments, except those figures of the control were lower during overwintering. The onion seedlings covered with transparent plastic film returned to green earlier and grew more vigorously than the silver and black ones in next spring. But in May the high soil temperature induced by transparent plastic film restrained the plant growth. Then onion covered with silver plastic film grew better than the transparent one, but onion covered with transparent plastic film grew better than the black one. But the three treatments still grew greatly better than the control. During harvest, the yield of onion mulched with silver, transparent and black plastic film was 84 400, 77 400, and 70 600 kg·hm^-2, and higher than the con- trol by 158.9 %, 137.4 % and 116.6 %, respectively.