草麻黄和中麻黄生物碱提取物对豚鼠离体气管松弛作用的比较

Comparison of the relaxant effects of alkaloids extracted from Ephedra sinica and E. intermedia in isolated guinea pig trachea

目的:比较草麻黄和中麻黄草质茎生物碱提取物对豚鼠离体气管的松弛作用。方法:取相同质量的麻黄提取分离生物碱,采用豚鼠离体气管法,比较麻黄生物碱提取物对豚鼠离体气管条的松弛作用,并用高效液相色谱法测定2种麻黄提取物中各生物碱的含量。结果:在相同的低、中、高浓度下草麻黄生物碱提取物对豚鼠离体气管的松弛作用(20.35%,38.38%,52.88%)均强于中麻黄生物碱提取物(12.14%,24.69%,39.26%)。草麻黄和中麻黄生物碱提取物的EC50分别为0.111和1.019 g.L-1。草麻黄生物碱以麻黄碱为主,而中麻黄生物碱以伪麻黄碱为主。结论:草麻黄和中麻黄生物碱提取物对豚鼠离体气管的松弛作用强度不同,可能与麻黄碱含量的差异相关。

Objective： To compare the relaxant effects of alkaloids extracted from herbaceous stems of Ephedra sinica and E.intermedia in isolated guinea pig trachea.Methods： Ephedra herbs with same weight were used to extract alkaloids,which was used to compare the relaxant effect in isolated trachea strip from guinea pig.The contents of alkaloids were determined by HPLC method.Results： The relaxant effect of alkaloid extracted from Ephedra sinica（20.35%,38.38% and 52.88%） was stronger than that from E.intermedia（12.14%,24.69% and 39.26%）,respectively,at the same low,middle and high concentrations.The EC50 values of Ephedra sinica and E.intermedia were 0.111g·L^-1 and 1.019g·L^-1.Ephedra sinica mainly contained ephedrine,while E.intermedia mainly contained pseudoephedrine.Conclusions： The relaxant effects of alkaloids extracted from Ephedra sinica and E.intermedia are different in isolated guinea pig trachea,and the difference may be related to their diverse ephedrine contents.