氧与活性氧

Oxygen and Reaotive Oxygen Species

讨论了活性氧的产生与化学活性．氧及活性氧会对机体造成伤害，活性氧中极其有害的是．ＯＨ、ＨＯ·２和Ｏ１２Δｇ等．但生物进化赋予有机活体一系列清除活性氧、免受其害的机制，如化学抗氧化系统、酶抗氧化系统、损伤修复功能、细胞免疫系统、细胞色素防御系统等．正是机体内活性氧的产生与清除速率间的平衡，活性氧引起的损伤与修复速率之间的平衡使活体得以维持生机．对人们关于一些疾病与活性氧关系的认识作了扼要介绍．

In this paper,the derivation of reactive oxygen species and their physicochemical properties are discussed briefly. Fact is well known that oxygen and reactive oxygen species damage plants,animals and other aerobic organisms.Of rcactive oxygen species, the most harmful chemicals are OH,HO2.,O2′ △g,etc.But during evolution of all living organisms ,nature endows them with more effective functions removing reactive oxygen species to protect them from the damages of the reactive oxygen species such as biochemical antioxidants system, enzymatic antioxidants system, DNA or cell repair, immunity and cell pigment system,etc.. It is the delicate balance in vivo between the rate of generation of reactive oxygen species and the rate of their removal by different defensive mechanisms,and between the rate of oxidative damage caused by the reactive oxygen species and the rate of the DNA(or cell)repair by repair system tbat ensures the organisms survival and full of vitality. Some diseases relating to reactive oxygen species are also discussed briefly.