不同年龄早实核桃园土壤主要矿质元素含量变化研究

Variation of main mineral element contents in different soil layer at different ages of the early bearing walnut orchard

为指导早实核桃园科学施肥，研究了不同年龄时期早实薄皮核桃新品种‘绿岭’园地不同土层中主要矿质元素含量的变化。结果表明：1～6年园地速效K、交换性Ca、交换性Mg、有效Zn、有效Mn等主要矿质元素含量中层土（21～40cm）高于上层土（0～20cm）和下层土（41～60cm），全N、全P、速效K、交换性Ca、交换性Mg等主要矿质元素含量上层土高于下层土。在1～8年园地中，1年园地上层土全N量和中层土有效Zn含量最高，分别为0．532％和0．018mg／kg；5年园地中层土速效K、交换性Mg、有效Mn含量最高，分别为149mg／kg、0．068mg／g和0．029mg／kg；6年园地中层土全P量和下层土交换性Ca含量最低，分别为0．018％和0．862mg／g；7年园地下层土速效K含量最低，为59mg／kg；8年园地上层土交换性Ca含量最高，为0．969mg／g，有效Mn含量最低，为0．011mg／kg；中层土有效Zn含量和交换性Mg含量最低，为0．008mg／kg和0．049mg／g；下层土全P量最高，为0．070％，上层土全N量最低，为0．056％。

Main mineral elements content variation rule of different soil layer at different ages were determined in order to study scientific fertilization of early bearing walnut orchard. The results indicated that the contents of available K, commutative Ca, commutative Mg, available Mn, available Zn in 21-40 cm soil layer were higher than that of 0-20 cm and 41 - 60 cm, main mineral ele- ments contents of total N, total P, available K, commutative Ca, commutative Mg of 0 - 20 cm the soil layer were higher than that of 41 -60 cm. In la orchard soil, the contents of total N in 0 -20 cm soil layer and available Zn in 21 - 40 cm soil layer were the highest, that were 0.532% and 0.018 2 mg/kg respectively; the contents of available K, commutative Mg, available Zn in 21 - 40cm soil layer of 5a orchard soil were the highest that were 149 mg/kg, 6.76 mg/100 g and 0.029 mg/kg; in 6a orchard soil, the contents of P in 21 -40 cm soil layer and commutative Ca were the lowest that were 0.018% and 86.2 mg/100 g; the content of available K in 41 - 60 cm soil layer of 7a was the lowest that was 59 mg/kg; in 8a orchard soil, in 0 - 20 cm soil layer, the content of commutative Ca was the highest that was 96.9 mg/100 g, available Mn was the 0.011 mg/kg that was the lowest, in 21 -40 cm soil layer, the contents of available Zn and commutative Mg were the lowest that were 0.007 9 mg/kg and 4.89 mg/100 g, in 41 - 60 cm soil layer, the content of total P was the highest that was 0. 070 %, the content of total N was the lowest that was 0. 056 %.