摘要
借鉴生态学中生物种群的生态位理论,提出了土地生态元和土地生态位的概念,阐述了土地生态位的特征及其演替规律。在此基础上,构建了用以测度区域土地利用类型数量变化态势、方向和速度的数学模型——土地利用数量生态位(宽度)及其扩充压缩度模型。运用生态位数学测度模型,对九原区1985、1991、1996年土地利用类型的变化作了分析。结果表明:农用地内部土地利用缺乏多样性,主要类型为牧草地和耕地;牧草地与林地生态位差别很大,且扩充与压缩的速度越来越大,两者利用比例严重失调。同时,探讨了实现土地资源可持续利用的方法。
Drawing on niche theory of biological species in ecolog!cal sciences, this paper proposes the concept of land eco-unit and land niche and expounds its features and evolution, based on which a mathematical model of land use quantity niche and its expansion-reduction-degree is constructed, which can measure the tendency, direction and speed of the change in the quantity of land use types. By using the mathematical measurement model of niche, the authors analyzed the change in land use patterns in the area of Jiuyuan District, Baotou City, during 1985-1991-1996. The results include that agricultural land use lacks variety, the major types being pastureland and cultivated land, and that the niche difference between grassland and woodland is great, with compression and expansion increasing more and more quickly. The paper also discusses the way to realize sustainable utilization of land resources.
出处
《国土资源科技管理》
2009年第2期79-82,共4页
Scientific and Technological Management of Land and Resources
