金属卟啉类超分子催化剂

Metalloporphyrin-Based Supramolecular Catalysts

金属卟啉类超分子催化剂是超分子催化研究领域的重要内容之一,其关键环节是以金属卟啉为基础构建超分子微反应器,使反应活性中心处在一个特定的微环境中,从而实现高的催化效率和选择性。本文分别从超分子催化剂母体结构构筑(借助环糊精、模板等)和催化应用(模拟细胞色素P450系列酶、光电催化等)的角度详细评述了近年来金属卟啉类超分子催化剂的设计、结构及催化作用的研究进展,并对该研究领域的前景进行了展望。

Metalloporphyrin-based supramolecular catalyst is one of the most important research subjects in supramolecular catalysis. Supramolecular micro-reactors containing the metalloporphyrin backbone provide a specific micro-environment for the active sites in catalytic processes, which can greatly improve the selectivities and catalytic efficiencies of the catalysts. This review presents the recent progress in the design, structures and catalytic properties of metalloporphyrins as supramolecular catalysts from the aspects of the construction of supramolecular catalyst precursors （based on eyclodextrin, template, etc. ） and their catalytic applications （in mimicking cytochrome P450 enzymes, electrocatalysis, photocatalysis, etc. ）, as well as a perspective of the future development in this field.