摘要
目的:探讨低视力患者的心理、社会支持和应对方式。方法:本研究为病例对照研究。采取方便抽样抽取河南省人民医院眼科中心住院治疗的低视力患者102名,并以性别、年龄、受教育程度配对选取对照组99名,用一般情况调查表、症状自评量表(SCL-90)、社会支持评定量表(SSRS)和应付方式问卷(CSQ)进行施测。结果:(1)低视力患者的SCL-90总分以及各因子分均高于对照组[如人际关系因子(1.78±0.53)vs.(1.40±0.31),P<0.01];(2)低视力患者主观支持分、社会支持总分均低于对照组[(22.30±4.63)v.s(23.76±5.51),(38.24±7.35)vs.(41.36±6.65),P<0.01];(3)低视力患者解决问题因子分低于对照组[(0.60±0.29)vs.(0.79±0.18),P<0.01],而自责因子分高于对照组[(0.38±0.32)v.s(0.21±0.25),P<0.01];(4)低视力患者SCL-90总分及大多数因子与其社会支持和应对方式呈低到中度相关(r=0.22~0.40,P<0.05,0.01)。结论:低视力患者心理健康状态普遍较差,其心理健康与社会支持和应对方式呈低到中度相关。
Objective: To explore the relationship among psychological health, social support and coping styles in the patients with low-vision. Methods: A total of 102 low-vision patients and 99 normal controls were assessed with the demographic information questionnaires, Symptom Checklist 90 ( SCL-90 ) , Social Support Rating Scale and Coping Styles Questionnaires ( CSQ ) . Resdts: ( 1 ) The total score and all the subscores of SCL-90 in the patients with low-vision were significantly higher than those in the control group [ for example, the subscore of interpersonal relationship : ( 1.78 ± 0. 53 } vs. ( 1.40 ± 0. 31 ) , P 〈 0. 01 ] . ( 2 ) The patients with low-vision got significantly lower scores in the subscales of perceived social support and social support than the control group [ { 22. 30 ±4. 63 } vs. (23.76 ± 5.51 ) , (38. 24 ±7.35 } vs. (41.36±6. 65 ) ; P 〈 0. 01 ] . (3) The patients with low-vision got significantly lower scores in the subscale of solving problem [ (0. 60 ±0. 29) vs. (0. 79±0. 18), P 〈0.01 ] and higher scores in the subscale of self-appraisal [ (0. 38 ±0.32 ) vs. (0. 21±0. 25 ) , P 〈 0.01 ] . ( 4 ) The total score and most subscores of SCL-90 were significantly correlated with social support and coping styles in the patients with low-vision ( r = 0. 22-0.40, Ps 〈0. 05 ) . Conclusion: The psychological statuses of low-vision patients are not good commonly. In order to enhance the psychological health among the low-vision patients, nurses can improve their social support level and encourage them to use more mature coping styles.
出处
《中国心理卫生杂志》
CSSCI
CSCD
北大核心
2009年第4期242-245,共4页
Chinese Mental Health Journal
关键词
心理健康
社会支持
应对方式
低视力患者
横断面研究
psychological health
social support
coping style
patient with low-vision
cross-sectional study