日本庭园的源流与高梨氏庭园赏鉴

Review and Appreciation of Japanese Garden Exemplified by Takanashi Family’s Garden

高梨氏庭园是日本江户时期始建的武家庭园,也是日本古典庭园发展后期普及到一般居住建筑中典型代表。它综合了多种庭园类型的手法,尤其是从镰仓时代到桃山时代以来发展出的书院式、枯山水和茶庭露地形式。通过对四个局部小庭园的平面解读,这些特点可以从庭园布局,气质氛围及具体的植栽配置、石组分布,飞石、役石、水手钵、灯笼等元素的设置中体会到。为了更好地解读造园师对各种手法的运用及其精神,文章首先对日本庭园类型的发展进行了简略的回顾,并特别注重分析影响其本质变化的因素,这些历史的积淀是理解许多今日庭园要素的关键。

Takanashi Family' s Garden is a Japanese warrior' s family garden built since Edo period. With adaption from historic style such as Shoin-zukuri Garden, Zen Garden and Tea-roji, it exemplified a typical residential courtyard garden when gardening began to be popularized between civil. The author try to cast back its concept through expatiate upon four separate parts of the garden, on its landscape planning, principle and theme, as well as details of vegetation, selection, composition and placement of rocks, fence, path, decoration elements etc. To help better understand the spirit of the garden, a recapitulate on the development of Japanese Garden is presented beforehand.