对“土钉墙”等术语命名的探讨

Discussion on definition of soil nail walls

国内对土钉墙、复合土钉墙等术语的命名十分混乱,相互矛盾。这些术语大体可归纳为土钉墙、土钉支护及锚喷3类。"土钉墙"与"土钉支护"是同一种支护技术,支护结构物命名为"土钉墙"更为准确;"土钉墙"施工工艺与"锚喷"部分相同,但工作机理及性能不同,不是同一种技术。为协调矛盾,建议划分出3个术语的应用范围:"锚喷"用于岩质边坡、基坑或围岩支护;"土钉墙"仅用于土质边坡或基坑支护;"土钉支护"涵盖土钉墙、土钉格构梁、土钉加固与修复等多种土钉支护形式。此外,由于"复合支护"概念不明确,应谨慎使用,多种技术联合应用时,建议采用分段、分级、组合、混合等命名方法。

The definition of soil nail walls is very chaotic and conflictive in China.These definitions can be classified into three types: soil nail walls,bolting and sprayed concrete,and soil nailing.The soil nail walls and the soil nailing are the same technology,and it is better and more accurate when the supporting structure is defined as the soil nail walls.The soil nail walls are different from the bolting and sprayed concrete because of various working principles and behaviors in spite of partial same construction technology.There is an advice which divide different ranges for the three terms to solve contradictions: the bolting and sprayed concrete is used for keeping stability of rocky slopes,rocky foundation pits and surrounding rock;the soil nail walls are for earthy slopes and foundation pits;the soil nailing contains all kinds of soil nail structures such as soil nail walls,soil nail lattice beams,soil nail reinforcement and repair,etc.In addition,when some technologies are applied together,the term is partitioned,hierarchical,combined,and mixed,etc.,and it should be applied instead of composite since its concept is not clear and definite.