深圳地区基坑工程30年发展综述

Summaries of excavation pit engineering in Shenzhen in recent 30 years

深圳基坑支护技术的发展可分为无意识应用、多种技术初始应用、土钉墙时代及各种技术理性应用4个阶段,目前为第四阶段。基坑具有多、深、大、密、近、复杂等特点。各种支护技术中,土钉墙约占50%,排桩约40%,其它10%,其中地下连续墙不太适合在深圳地区应用,排桩后撑法值得关注。地下水的治理也经历了从弱到强的过程。由于易产生较严重的环境效应及占用红线外地下空间等原因,土钉、锚杆等受拉构件的应用将进一步下降,内支撑、逆作等方法的应用将越来越多。

The development of supporting techniques can be divided into four stages:unconscious application,elementary application of multi-methods,soil-nail walls only and rational use of different methods.Now it is at the 4th stage.The excavation pits are large,deep,big,dense,near and complex.Among all the supporting techniques,the soil-nail walls occupy 50%,piles in row 40% and the others 10%.It is found that the diaphragm is not suitable for Shenzhen and the later braced piles method is more useful.The soil-nail walls and anchor bolts will be further limited because they are harmful to the surroundings and occupy the nearby underground space.Accordingly,the bracing system and the top-down construction has been widely used.