略论日本现代市场经济发展的突出特征和历史经验教训

A Summary on Prominent Feature and Historical Experience of Japan's Economic Development

本文首先依循日本资本主义经济发展的历史主线,分阶段论述了日本现代市场经济发展的突出特征,即二战前的国家掌控和财阀垄断,二战期间的突出的军事性和严厉的统制性,二战之后的经济民主化和高速增长。接着提出了走出经济困境应该解决的问题,并指出发展中国家应借鉴日本经济发展的经验教训以实现经济稳步高速增长。坚持改革开放、发展市场经济;充分利用法人相互持股制度建立巨型企业联盟,提高国际竞争实力;政府对企业重协调,重监控,重效率,重创新,少干预,多扶持,少保护;大刀阔斧地对国企、民企实行公司制、股份制改造,通过建立健全资本多元化的大型联合企业获得规模效应;重视实体经济发展,给虚拟经济以有力地支撑。

This paper follows the mainline of history of the economical development in Japan,and discusses the prominent feature of Japan's market economic development by three phase:government's strong control and Keiretsu monopoly before World War II,outstanding militarization and governmentality during World War II,and economic democratization and rapid growth after World War II.It was strongly suggested that our country should draw lesson from the historical experience of Japanese economy,such as sticking to the opening up policy and developing market economy,structuring company alliance by cross shareholding,holding government intervention to coordination or asssistant instead of protection,optimizing capital structure by pluralistic strategy,attaching emportance to the development of business entity in order to baking up the virtual economy.Studying from either successful or failed experience can offer practical reference value on the rapid growth of the developng country.