辽宁省嗜人按蚊的生物学特性观察

Biological characteristics of Anopheles anthropophagus from Liaoning province

目的观察我国辽宁省嗜人按蚊在成虫前期的发育时间和传疟能量上与江苏省嗜人按蚊的差异。方法在实验室条件下,采用相同的饲养法和体外人工感染法,分别观察辽宁嗜人按蚊和江苏嗜人按蚊的孵化率、蛹化率、羽化率和蚊胃卵囊阳性率、唾液腺子孢子阳性率等指标。结果辽宁嗜人按蚊和江苏嗜人按蚊卵孵化期平均为3.66d和3.84d,孵化率分别为76.0%和74.3%;幼虫期平均为6.67d和8.26d,蛹化率分别为94.7%和96.0%;蛹期平均为1.60d和1.72d,羽化率分别为97.2%和98.6%;蚊胃卵囊阳性率分别为25.1%和28.1%;唾液腺子胞子阳性率分别为8.4%和10.7%。结论辽宁省的嗜人按蚊在幼虫发育时间和传疟能量上与江苏省嗜人按蚊差异无统计学意义(P值均>0.05)。因此,在疟疾流行季节应加强对当地媒介监测,防止疟疾传播。

Objective To compare the developmental duration and vector capacity of malaria transmission of Anopheles anthropophagus from Liaoning and Jiangsu on pre-mature stage. Methods In laboratory, An.anthropophagus from Liaoning and Jiangsu were reared in the same enviromnent and infected artificially in vitro. The biological indexes such as hatchability, emergence rate, pupation rate, the positive rate of mosquito stomach and oocyst and sporozoite infection rate of salivary gland were observed, respectively. Results The average developmental duration of egg from Liaoning population and Jiangsu population were 3.66 d and 3.84 d, and the hatehibility of egg were 76.0% and 74.3%. That of larva were 6.67 d and 8.26 d and the pupation rates were 94.7% and 96.0%. That of pupa were 1.60 d and 1.72 d and the emergence rates were 97.2% and 98.6%. The positive rates of mosquito stomach and oocyst were 25.1% and 28.1%, and the sporozoite infection rates of mosquito salivary gland were 8.4% and 10.7%. Conclusion It was no significant difference statistically between the developmental duration of larva and vector capability of malaria transmission of An.anthropophagus from Liaoning and Jiangsu （P〉0.05）. Therefore, the surveillance of vector should be strengthened during malaria transmission period.