水稻种质资源DNA指纹与多样性分析的分子标记体系研究

Molecular Marker Systems for DNA Fingerprinting and Diversity Analysis of Rice Germplasm

水稻育种需要一个丰富的基因池以便从中选出优异性状基因集成至新品种中,而资源的生物多样性可通过DNA指纹准确分析出来。本研究用2个抗性基因同源序列(RGA)及2个Seoulin研究所生命科学通用引物(SRILS)标记对菲律宾水稻所种质资源库中265个地方品种进行DNA指纹分析。结果表明,2种标记体系具有相似的多态检测能力。聚类分析结果表明,单个引物及其组合所分析出的7个聚类系统树图极为相似,相似度88%～97%。2个分子标记体系各自均能鉴别所有的参试品种,且揭示出相对高的群体遗传多样性,可成为水稻种质资源快速指纹及多样性分析的理想工具,因而是水稻资源管理方面的重要助手,如进行资源鉴定、多样性分析以及核心种质构建等。

Rice breeding programs require a wide gene pool from which outstanding gene combinations can be assembled into a new variety.Germplasm diversity can be accurately evaluated through DNA fingerprinting.In this study,genetic variability and relationships among 265 rice germplasm accessions from the PhilRice Genebank were established from DNA fingerprints generated using two resistance gene analogue(RGA) markers and two Uniprimers:Seoulin Research Institute Life Science(SRILS).The DNA fingerprints showed that,on the average,the RGA and Uniprimer markers showed similar power in detecting polymorphism within the population for the entire germplasm population level.Seven dendrograms were generated based on banding profiles generated by single primers and their combinations featuring two nearly even major groups.Dendrogram analysis showed that both RGA and SRILS primers distinguished all 265 accessions,and revealed a high level of diversity among the accessions.The clustering patterns and the compositions of the groups were remarkably similar among the seven dendrograms ranging 88%~97% match.The two DNA marker systems studied could be ideal tools for rapid DNA fingerprinting and diversity analysis of rice germplasm varieties,and hence,can be an important adjunct in rice germplasm management such as in germplasm identification,diversity analysis and assembly of core collections.