气候变化对柴达木灌区小麦生育期的影响

Impact of Climatic Change on Growth of Wheat in the Irrigation District of Qaidam Oasis

利用柴达木盆地的格尔木、德令哈、诺木洪3个气象测点1980-2007年逐日平均气温和小麦生育期资料,研究气候变化对柴达木绿洲灌区小麦生长发育的影响。结果表明:日平均气温≥0℃、≥10℃界限温度初日提前,终日推后,积温增多,作物生长季延长;3个农业气象测点的小麦播种期推迟、成熟期提前,生长期缩短;播种-出苗期的缩短是营养生长期缩短的主要原因,乳熟-成熟期的缩短是生殖生长期缩短的主要原因;诺木洪热量条件好的区域可以在小麦收割后种植生长期较短的蔬菜。

Based on the data of daily mean temperature and wheat growth and development period from 1980 to 2007 in three weather stations of Qaidam Basin,which were Golmud,Delingha and Nuomuhong weather stations,it analyzed the impacts of climate change on wheat growth in irrigation district of Qaidam basin.The results indicated that: 1) the first day when the average daily temperature above 0℃ and 10 ℃ steadily shifted earlier and the last day became later from 1980 to 2007 and the wheat growing period became longer.2) In the three weather stations,sowing date of wheat was postponed,while harvest date got earlier,wheat obtained a shorting growing and development time.3) As there were much heat resources in Nuomuhong,some vegetables with shorter growing time could be planted after wheat harvested.