基于墙体面积的砌体结构抗震性能研究

Seismic performance of masonry buildings based on wall area

砌体结构房屋的设计表现为建筑布置决定结构墙体的数量及面积。在地震作用下,地震力由地震方向的墙体承担,墙体数量越多,墙体面积越大,房屋抗震能力就越强,所以墙体面积对砌体结构抗震研究有着至关重要的影响。研究这一问题的主要途径之一就是从地震震害中找出墙体面积与结构破坏之间的规律,通过对2008年汶川地震中大量震损房屋震害的分析,研究墙体面积与结构破坏程度之间的关系,并在现有砌体结构抗震性能评估理论的基础上,提出一个基于墙体面积大小的指标即墙率来评估砌体结构的抗震性能。将墙率指标应用于一幢多层砌体结构房屋的抗震性能评估中,并通过与现场震害的对比说明该指标的合理性,结果表明,墙率可以用于评估砌体结构的抗震性能。

Building layout determines the number of structural wall and wall area in the design of masonry structure building.In the earthquake,the seismic force is beared by the wall in the direction of earthquake.The larger wall area,the stronger the seismic capacity.Therefore,the wall area has a critical influence on masonry seismic research.One of the main ways for studying this problem is to find out the rules between the wall area and structure damage in the earthquake.By analyzing of a large number of damaged houses in the Wenchuan earthquake in 2008,the relationship of the wall area and buildings damage is studied,and based on the existing theory of masonry structure seismic performance assessment,the indicator of the wall areas,which is the wall ratio,is proposed to assess the seismic performance of masonry structures.The wall ratio was applied to the seismic performance evaluation of a multi-storey masonry structure housing,this index is reasonable through comparing the on-site damage.The result shows the wall ratio can evaluate the seismic performance of the masonry buildings.