基于施工过程的在建高层建筑震害影响分析与防范对策

Earthquake disaster impacts analysis and countermeasures on high-rise buildings under construction based on construction process

地震对人民的生命财产构成了严重的威胁。传统的抗震设计考虑使用阶段较多,而很少考虑地震对施工阶段结构的影响。对于那些工期长、结构复杂、工程量大的建筑,研究地震对其在施工阶段的影响十分必要。以在建的混凝土结构高层建筑为研究对象,首先以其施工过程和受力特点为基础,分析研究其在施工阶段抗震减震的必要性;然后用定性和定量相结合的方法,从基础工程施工、脚手架体系、模板系统、垂直运输体系、已建成结构、装饰工程施工等方面,对在建高层建筑的震害影响进行深入分析;最后提出诸如正确处理施工与设计的关系、确保施工质量、重视发展计算理论和构造措施、大力应用已有抗震减震技术、加大工程投入等对策来防范在建高层建筑的震害。

Earthquake is a serious threat to the safety of people's lives and property.The traditional design of anti-earthquake only considers the structures in using stage more than construction stage.For long-duration,complex and large projects,it is necessary to study the impacts of the earthquake on the project during the construction stage.For the high-rise buildings under construction which are concrete structures,at first,on the basis of their construction process and loading characteristics,we analyzed the necessity of the study on how to resist and damp earthquake to them.And then we analyzed the earthquake disaster on them in both qualitative and quantitative methods deeply from the following aspects: construction of foundation,scaffolding system,formwork system,vertical transportation system,built structure and decoration work.Finally we proposed some countermeasures such as correctly handling the relationship between construction and design,ensuring the construction quality,paying attention to develop computing theory and structural measures,applying existing anti-earthquake technologies,increasing project investment and so on,to prevent earthquake disaster on high-rise buildings under construction.