上海某别墅屋面的计算与加固

Calculating and strengthening of sloping-roof of a villa in Shanghai

为了追求美观,别墅大多采用坡屋面形式。实际上,坡屋面呈现空间受力的特性;然而,在受力计算时,设计人员为了追求方便、快捷,一般采用平面模型的计算结果来代替空间计算结果,虽然结果通常保守、安全,但却掩盖了一些坡屋面所固有的受力特点。通过一个工程加固实例,利用有限元软件进行了几种荷载组合情况下的空间计算分析,并提出了具体的加固方案,总结了该类结构在设计中应注意的问题。

In order to pursue appearance beauty,sloping-roof are mostly adopted in villas.Actually,the sloping-roof shows the characteristic of spatial.But,in fact,the designers mostly prefer plane models to spatial models for sake of convenience.Although the results of the former would be generally much bigger and safer than that of latter,it conceals many facts which belong to the sloping-roof of a villa.Based on an actual example which needs to be strengthened,this article mainly introduced the correlative problems to pay attention to designing processes by analyzing this kind of structure in different loads and designing the strengthening methods.