三门核电站附近海域浮游植物季节变化研究

A Study on Seasonal Variation of Phytoplankton in the Sea Near Sanmen Nuclear Power Station

文章报道了2005年春季(4月)、夏季(7月)、秋季(10月)和2006年冬季(1月)采集于三门湾核电厂附近海域(29 00′00″～2910′26″N,121 34′43″～121 47′06″E)的15个大面观察站和1个昼夜连续观察站的浮游植物调查结果。经显微观察、鉴定,三门湾核电厂附近海域共有浮游植物6门56属146种,季节变化为春季(101种)>秋季(96种)>夏季(96种)>冬季(85种)。三门湾核电厂附近海域浮游植物细胞丰度在0.72×103～1.3×106个/dm3,平均细胞丰度为5.13×104个/dm3,季节变化为冬季(1.27×105个/dm)3>秋季(4.72×104个/dm)3>春季(1.63×104个/dm)3>夏季(2.51×103个/dm)3。浮游植物细胞丰度在24小时连续观察中,白天尤其下午光合作用强,浮游植物丰度高,夜间尤其后半夜或凌晨光合作用弱,浮游植物丰度低。三门湾主要浮游植物优势种均为中肋骨条藻Skeletonema costatum。浮游植物生态类型可划分为沿岸内湾温带性类群、广布性类群和近岸暖水性类群。其中沿岸内湾广布性类群是本区的优势类群,其他各类群数量较少。三门湾核电厂附近海域共发现赤潮生物64种,其中,硅藻40种,甲藻19种,蓝藻2种,裸藻、金藻以及原生动物各1种。三门湾核电厂附近海域主要赤潮生物的平均细胞丰度在5.6×102个/dm3～1.2×105个/dm3。三门湾核电厂附近海域主要赤潮生物优势种为中肋骨条藻;其次为布氏双尾藻、琼氏圆筛藻、海链藻、纺锤角藻、丹麦细柱藻、三角角藻、洛氏角毛藻、叉角藻等。

This paper reports the phytoplankton investigation results which were collected in 15 observation stations and a day-night continuous observation station in the sea area near Sanmen Nuclear Power Station(29°00'00'~29°10'26'N,121°34'43'~121°47'06'E) in spring(April),summer(July),autumn(October) of 2005 and winter(January) of 2006.After microscopic observation and identification,146 species 56 genera 6 phylum were identified in the sea near Sanmen Nuclear Power Station.The seasonal species change was spring(101)> autumn(96)> summer(96)> winter(85).The cell abundance of phytoplankton in the sea near Sanmen Nuclear Power Project was 0.72×103～1.3×106 cells/dm3,and the average cell abundance was 5.13×104 cells/dm3.The mean cell abundance in winter was 1.27×105cells/dm3>4.72×104cells/dm3 in autumn>1.63×104cells/dm3 in spring>2.51×103cells/dm3 in summer.During the 24-hour continuous observation,in the day time,particularly in the afternoon,the photosynthesis was strong,and the cell abundance of phytoplankton was high;at night,especially in the latter half of the night or wee hours,the photosynthesis was weak,and the cell abundance of phytoplankton was low.The dominant species of phytoplankton in the Sanmen Bay was Skeletonema costatum.Ecological types of phytoplankton can be divided into three groups:(1)inner bay and coastal temperate group;(2) eurythermal and euryhaline group;(3)warm water off-shore group.Inner bay and coastal eurythermal and euryhaline group was the dominant group,the amounts of other groups were less.Totally 64 red-tide species were observed in the sea area near Sanmen Nuclear Power Project,of which,Diatoms was predominant,40 species;Dinoflagellates was 19 species;Cyanophyta was 2 species;Euglena、Chrysophyceae and Protozoa was 1 specie respectively.The average cell abundance of the main red-tide organisms in the sea area near Sanmen Nuclear Power Station was 5.6×102 cells/dm3～1.2 105 cells/dm3.The dominant red tide organisms was Skeletonema costatum,and the others were Ditylum brightwelli,Coscinodiscus jonesianus,Thalassiosira sp,Ceratium fusus,Leptocylindrus danicus,Ceratium tripos,Chaetoceros lorenzianus,Ceratium furca etc.