适应机械化收获的田间油菜植株特性研究

Plant characteristic research on field rape based on mechanized harvesting adaptability

油菜机械化收获过程出现的高损失率制约了油菜生产的发展,单纯从农机方面进行研究难以解决。该文从农机农艺相结合出发,对田间油菜植株特性进行测试研究。测试大田植株整体表现特性及不同密度下植株茎秆物理特性的田间表现,并在不同成熟度和催熟剂喷施情形下对油菜角果拉断力进行测试,获得了田间植株特性基础数据。结果表明适宜的种植密度有利于机械化收获作业,催熟剂的喷施对机收作业性能影响不大。研究获得了直播油菜的田间植株表现特征,同时为油菜机收配套农艺要求提供理论研究基础和参考依据。

The high loss rate in the rape mechanized harvesting process has restricted the rape production development, and it is difficult to be solved only from the farm machinery aspect. The plant material characteristic research based on mechanized harvesting adaptability for the direct seeding rape was done in this paper, which combined the machinery with agronomy. The whole performance characteristics of plant in field with different density were tested. At the same time the rape silicle abruption strength was tested under the situation of different maturity and the ripener spraying,and the essential date of the plant characteristic in field was obtained. The results showed that the moderate planting density was advantageous to the mechanized harvest work, and the ripener spraying had little influence on the mechanized harvest work. The plant performance characteristic of the direct seeding rape was obtained, which also afford the fundamental research foundation and the reference for the necessary agronomy of the rape mechanized harvesting.