工程车辆翻车事故中司机头部伤害与保护仿真

Simulation of operator head injury and protection for engineering vehicles in rollover accident

为了研究司机的头部在碰撞中的机械响应特性,该文采用有限元三维实体建模技术,建立了成人头部碰撞模型。通过虚拟试验方法使用成人头部模型对驾驶室内饰进行冲击分析,比较不同厚度和密度的聚氨酯泡沫对人体头部损伤评价指标的影响。结果表明:头部损伤值(HIC(d))随着泡沫厚度的增加而减小,随着密度的增大,呈现先减后增的二次抛物线趋势。在驾驶室内壁覆盖18mm厚的聚氨酯泡沫材料可以降低翻车事故中二次碰撞对司机头部的损伤。

When a certain engineering vehicle roll in the sloped area, the impact of the cab interior structure against operator's head will probably cause a serious hurt. As a result, the research on the mechanical response characters of operator's head in the collision accidents was practically significant. In this paper, 3-D finite element modeling technology was adopted to develop the adult headform. The headform was used to analyze the impact on the cab interior structure with virtual test method, and the effect of different densities and thickness of the polyurethane foam on the head injury evaluation criteria was compared. The result showed that the polyurethane foam of 18mm thickness in the cab interior could effectively decrease the head injury value in the secondary collision when the operator was involved in engineering vehicle roll-over. The HIC(d) value decreases as an increase of the foam thickness, and the effect of the foam density variable is nonlinear, a second order parabolic shape can be identified.