表面活性剂对超声喷雾法制备的纳米羟基磷灰石粉体性能影响

Effects of Surfactant on Nano-hydroxyapatite Prepared by Ultrasonic Atomization Process

在常温常压下,以硝酸钙(Ca(NO3)2·4H2O)和磷酸氢二铵((NH4)2HPO4)为原料,分别将其作为钙与磷的先驱体,运用超声喷雾法特种工艺技术制备羟基磷灰石(HAP)纳米粉体。探讨在制备工艺过程中添加柠檬酸、甘氨酸、葡萄糖和TX-104种表面活性剂对制备的羟基磷灰石纳米粉体的分散性能、粒度、均匀性及形貌等的影响情况。结果表明,所有表面活性剂的加入对粉体的产物相没有影响,但对制备出的纳米羟基磷灰石粉体的分散效果均有一定的影响,在本反应体系中当甘氨酸适量加入时,对纳米羟基磷灰石粉体能起到很好的分散作用;而等量柠檬酸的加入反而加剧了纳米HAP颗粒的团聚。从扫描电镜照片看出,在未加活性剂时,HAP大多呈现椭圆的、30～40nm的颗粒;加入甘氨酸后,有利于HAP颗粒的细化与均匀,而葡萄糖与TX-10的加入则使粒度变大,并易造成局部团聚。并从物化基本原理出发初步探讨与解释上述表面活性剂对HAP产物所造成影响的原因。

At the normal temperature and pressure, nano-hydroxyapatite was synthesized by ultrasonic atomization process with Ca(NO3)2·4H2O and (NH4)2HPO4 as the calcium and the phosphorus precursors respectively. The effect of four different surfactants (citric acid, glycine, D-glucose and TX-10) on the synthesis and characteristic of hydroxyapatite (HAP) was discussed. The phase of the samples with addition of the same quantity surfactant have no significant change as shown in the XRD patterns; therefore, it is concluded that the surfactant presence or absence does not to have an effect on crystallization. Scanning electron microphotographs show that the different additives influence the size and morphology of HAP nanoparticles. The glycine has a positive effect on homogeneity promotion and separation of HAP nanoparticle, and the D-Glucose and TX-10 shows little effect on HAP morphology, whereas citric acid induced heavy degree of particle agglomeration. The effect of four different surfactants on the synthesis and characteristic of hydroxyapatite (HAP) was discussed from the basic principles of physical chemistry.