社会偏见的影响因素及对策研究

Factors Affecting Social Prejudices and Their Countermeasures

社会偏见是社会心理学的重要研究领域。个体的成长环境、父母的教养水平、社会的行为规范、媒体的舆论导向是影响偏见形成的外部因素;而个体的人格特征、归因方式、认知风格、认知水平是影响偏见形成的内部因素。要消除或减少偏见,可以从以下几个方面着手:消除社会认知偏差带来的消极影响,制定有助于消除偏见的社会规范,加强对儿童的教育、培养健康人格,增加群体间的平等交往和直接接触等。

Social prejudice is an important research field in social psychology.Both internal and external factors may result in social prejudices.External factors includes individual growth environment,parental education level,social norms,media bias,while individual's personality characteristics,attributional style,cognitive style and cognitive level are the internal factors which affect the formation of prejudices.The following suggestions may help eliminate or reduce prejudices:eliminating the negative impact of cognitive bias,setting up social norms,laying emphasis on children's education so as to cultivate their healthy personality and provide more chances for children's equal interaction and direct contact.