2010年春季北京市园林植物受冻害调查与分析

Investigation on the Freezing Injury of the Garden Plants in Beijing city in spring of 2010

2009年冬季低温对北京市的园林植物造成了严重的伤害。于2010年春季对部分苗圃、公园、绿地等的植物进行了冻害调查,并按照冻害程度进行了分级。结果如下:(1)受害最为严重的植物有:石榴、紫薇、大叶黄杨、丝兰,冻害等级达到了5、6级。竹子的冻害等级为5级。雪松达到了4级;(2)一些冻害等级为5的灌木,如梾木、八仙花、山梅花、木槿等,进行及时的修剪,当年仍能开花,不影响观赏效果。(3)海棠、丁香、玉兰、荚迷、白蜡等的大部分品种表现出较强抗寒性,适合北京地区栽植;(4)‘绿宝石’黄杨、‘冬美’黄杨、‘约翰’黄杨、‘福克纳’黄杨、‘绿丝绒’黄杨等黄杨新品种,抗寒等级达到1级,成功抵御了冻害。此次园林植物冻害的调查和分析,为今后北京地区的植物引种、园林养护与应用提供了参考。

The garden plants in Beijing area were suffered from a serious injury in the frigid winter of 2009.In spring of 2010,the freezing injury to the plants in nurseries,parks,and afforest areas in Beijing were investigated.The degrees of the freezing injury were classified.Our investigations showed that(1) Punica Granatum,Lagerstroemia Indica,Buxus Megistophylla and Yucca Filamentos were suffered from the freezing injury seriously for 5-6 in freezing classification.In addition,the injury degree was 5 for Bamboo and 4 for Cedrus Deodara;(2) some bushes in freezing classification for 5 grew new branches and bloomed after pruned in spring,which were not affected seriously in ornamental value;(3) Malus,Syringa,Magnolia,Viburnum,and Fraxinus were strongly freezing-resistant,which were adapted to grow in Beijing area;(4) Some new varieties of Buxus,such as Buxus 'Green Gem',Buxus microphylla 'Winter Beauty',Buxus microphylla 'John Baldwin',Buxus microphylla 'Faulkner',and Buxus 'Green Velvet' were not suffered from freezing injury,reching 1 in freezing classification.In the whole,the investigation results offered a useful reference to landscape plants' collecting,nursing,and demonstrating in Beijing area.