上海科研机构科研人员工作压力研究

Study on Work Stress of S & T Personnel of Research Institutions in Shanghai

本文以上海市科研机构的科研人员为研究对象,通过问卷调查,对科研人员的工作压力源、压力状况及其与人口统计分布特征之间的关系进行了统计学意义上的分析。研究结果显示:总体而言,上海科研机构科研人员对自己工作控制能力和社会对自身工作的支持感受较好,对工作要求的压力感受也较高,健康状况较好,总体工作压力水平偏高。科研活动对个体的影响、科研要求、职业发展与组织结构、工作本身的压力、人际关系与沟通造成的压力、角色冲突、科研条件、技术更新与组织变革、工作对家庭的影响,构成上海科研机构科研人员的九个工作压力源。其中,科研活动对个体的影响、科研要求是两个最主要的工作压力源。不同个体特征的科研人员对压力源因子的归因倾向和压力现状都存在不同程度的显著差异。

This paper focuses on the S & T personnel of research institutions in Shanghai.Based on the questionnaire database,the analysis covers the work stressor,stress status,and their statistical relationships with demography.This paper implicates the results that,generally speaking,the S & T personnel of research institutions in Shanghai have high-level evaluations of their work-control,social supports as well as good health.On the other hand,the high-level job-demand causes a high-level work stress.The stressors falls into nine categories,including the impact imposed upon the individual by the scientific research,the scientific research demand,career development and organizational structure,the pressure from the job itself,the pressure caused by the inter-personal relations and communications,role conflicts,supports of their scientific researches,technological and organizational innovations,and the influence on their families.The impact imposed upon the individual and the scientific research demand ranks the two foremost stressors.The characteristics of different research fellows also contribute to different degree of difference in their stressor attribution and stress status.