维吾尔族子宫颈癌分化及发病年龄与TAP β_2-MG相关性研究

Correlation between Cancer Differentiation and Disease Onset Age in Uighur Women with Cervical Cancer and the Expression of TAP1, TAP2 and β_2-MG

目的:分析TAP、β_2-MG在新疆维吾尔族妇女子宫颈癌发生、发展中的作用及与发病年龄的关系,并初探其原因,为宫颈癌防治提供科学依据。方法:采用免疫组织化学方法检测维吾尔族31例宫颈炎组织及88例宫颈癌组织中TAP_1、TAP_2和β_2-MG蛋白的表达情况,并分为年轻组和中年组,进行细胞分化对比分析。结果:宫颈鳞癌TAP_1、TAP_2、β_2-MG阳性表达率(59.09%、68.18%、53.41%)显著低于宫颈炎组织(90.32%、100%、100%),P<0.05。宫颈癌组织中高、中、低分化鳞癌TAP_1阳性表达率(53.33%、53.06%、53.85%)明显低于原位癌组织(100%),中、低分化鳞癌β_2-MG阳性表达(46.94%、38.46%)低于原位癌(90.91%),P<0.05,且TAP_1与β_2-MG之间存在正相关(r=0.224,P<0.05),但宫颈癌组织中高、中、低分化鳞癌TAP_2阳性表达率(66.67%、65.31%、84.62%)与原位癌组织(68.18%)无关。其表达与年龄关系显示≤35岁组和>35岁组两个年龄组的原位癌与中分化鳞癌相比差异有统计学意义。结论:新疆维吾尔族宫颈癌患者发病年龄呈现年轻化趋势,TAP、β_2-MG蛋白低表达影响了MHC分子的正确组装及有效呈递抗原,致使癌细胞逃避机体免疫而致癌,其表达间的正相关关系及与细胞分化和发病年龄的关系说明TAP、β_2-MG蛋白可能与维吾尔族宫颈鳞癌的发生、发展,协同有关,从而为进一步阐明维吾尔族宫颈癌的致瘤机制奠定基础。

Objective： To explore the mechanisms of disease development and scientific evidence for prevention and treatment of cervical cancer, we analyzed the role of TAP1, TAP2 and β2-MG proteins in the initiation and development of squamous cell cervical carcinoma and their correlation with disease-onset age in Uighur women in Xinjiang area. Methods： We used S-P immunohistochemistry method to detect the expression of TAP1, TAP2 and β2-MG in cervicitis tissues from 31 Uighur women and cervical cancer tissues from 88 Uighur patients, respectively. Results： The positive expression rates of TAP1, TAP2 and β2-MG in the squamous cell cervical carcinoma group （59.09%, 68.18% and 53.41%） were significantly lower than those in the cervicitis group （90.32%, 100% and 100%） （P〈0.05）. The positive rates of TAP1 in cervical cancer tissues of well-differentiated, middle differentiated, and low differentiated squamous cell carcinoma were significantly lower than that in carcinoma in situ. The expression rates of β2-MG in middle differentiated and low differentiated squamous cell carcinoma were lower than that in carcinoma in situ. A positive correlation was found between β2-MG expression and TAP1 expression in Uighur women with squamous cell cervical cancer （t=0.224, P〈 0.05）. In ≤35 and 〉35 age groups, the expression of TAP2 was significantly different between middle-differentiated squamous cell carcinoma and carcinoma in situ tissues. Conclusion： The onset age of cervical carcinoma in Uighur women in Xinjiang showed a trend to be younger. Decrease in the expression of TAP and β2-MG proteins in squamous cell cervical cancer lesions hinders the correct assembly of components of MHC class I molecules on cancer cells and reduces antigen presentation efficiency, which may be one of the mechanisms for cancer cells to escape effective immune surveillance. TAP and β2-MG may play a role in synergistic manner in the initiation and development of squamous cell cervical carcinoma in Uighur women.