上海市宝山区社区居民生命质量评价及影响因素分析

Assessment and Influencing Factors Analysis on Quality of Life among Baoshan Residents in Shanghai

目的了解社区居民生命质量现状及其影响因素,为健康教育与健康促进工作提供依据。方法采用世界卫生组织(以下简称WHO)生命质量测定量表简表中文版(WHOQOL-BREF)对858名社区居民进行调查,分析社区居民生命质量现状。同时,采用多因素线性回归分析方法分析影响生命质量的因素。结果本区社区居民生命质量测定在生理、心理、社会关系、环境等领域得分分别为15.53±1.96、15.55±1.82、15.48±2.01、14.37±1.94;总的生命质量和健康状况得分分别为3.63±0.66、3.56±0.71;除了生理领域与国内一般人群没有差异并低于全球23个国家平均水平外,其他三个领域得分都高于国内一般人群和全球23个国家的平均水平(P<0.01)。多因素线性回归分析显示,影响社区居民生命质量的主要因素为居住地区、年龄、身体状况、精神状况、运动、收入及就业情况,尤其是居住地区、运动对生命质量的影响最为广泛。结论本区社区居民生命质量总体情况较好。要不断提高社区居民的生命质量,应积极倡导体育运动,关心老年事业,加强社区卫生服务,改善社区居民的身体与精神状况。

Objective To understand the current status on the Quality of Life (QOL) and to analyze the influence factors to supply evidence for health education and health promotion. Methods There were 858 residents involved a face-to-face interview according to the WHOQOL-BREF questionnaire. The multiple linear logistic regression analysis was used to analyze the influence factors related to QOL. Results The evaluations of QOL of the residents in Baoshan, which including embody physical and psychological, social relationships and environment as its target items, scored 15.53±1.96, 15.55±1.82, 15.48±2.01 and 14.37±1.94 respectively, surpassing the average levels of the counterparts both in home and other 23 countries in the world (P<0.01) other than in the item of physical fitness. And the general scores of life quality and health condition amounted to 3.63±0.66 and 3.56±0.71 respectively. The logistic analysis demonstrated that the main influence factors on QOL were living condition, age, physical and mental fitness, sports exercises, family income and employment situation, and the living condition and physical exercises, compared with the others, exerted the most sweeping impacts on QOL. Conclusion According to the survey, the overall state of QOL of the residents in Baoshan is relatively sound. We should strive for the further improvements of residents QOL, advocating physical exercises, caring for the elder groups, optimizing community services, enhancing people's physical and mental health, so as to make a boost to the well-being of the whole society at large.