美国社区学院的发展历程及其职能变迁

The Function of American Community Colleges:a Historical Perspective

作为高等教育的伟大创举,美国社区学院虽然只有100多年的发展历史,但无论在提供平等的受教育机会方面,还是在经济文化发展方面都做出了突出的贡献。本文主要对美国社区学院的发展历程进行了详细梳理,将其界定为高中扩张、初级学院、社区学院和综合发展四个时期,并同时对每一时期内社区学院的职能进行了分析,以期对我国高等教育尤其是高等职业专科教育的发展提供借鉴。

The community college is great pioneering undertaking of American higher education. With a history of merely over 100 years,it has made great contributions both in providing equal educational opportunities and in the development of American economy and culture. This paper aims to demonstrate the change of its functions by summarizing the development of American community colleges. Hopefully,it will provide some references for China's higher education,especially vocational higher education.